Mabapi le mohopolo oa khalase
Khalase, e ne e boetse e bitsoa Liuli Chaena ea boholo-holo.Litlhaku tsa Sechaena tsa Sejapane li emeloa ka khalase.Ke ntho e tiileng e batlang e le pepeneneng e etsang sebopeho sa marang-rang se tsoelang pele ha se qhibiliha.Nakong ea pholileng, viscosity e eketseha butle-butle ebe e thatafala ntle le kristale.Sebopeho sa khalase e tloaelehileng ea lik'hemik'hale oxide ke Na2O•CaO•6SiO2, 'me karolo e kholo ke silicon dioxide.
Khalase e kenella ka lik'hemik'hale tikolohong ea letsatsi le letsatsi 'me ha e sebelisane le lintho tse phelang, kahoo e na le mekhoa e mengata haholo.Khalase ka kakaretso ha e qhibilihe ka asiti (ntle le: hydrofluoric acid e kopana le khalase ho etsa SiF4, e lebisang ho kutu ea khalase), empa e qhibiliha ka har'a alkali e matla, joalo ka cesium hydroxide.Mokhoa oa ho etsa tlhahiso ke oa ho qhibilihisa lisebelisoa tse fapaneng tse lekantsoeng hantle le ho li pholisa kapele.Molek'hule ka 'ngoe ha e na nako e lekaneng ea ho etsa likristale ho etsa khalase.Khalase e tiile mocheso oa kamore.Ke ntho e fokolang e nang le boima ba Mohs ba 6.5.
Histori ea khalase
Khalase qalong e ile ea fumanoa ho tsoa ho ho tiea ha majoe a asiti a ntšitsoeng libakeng tse foqohang seretse se chesang.Pele ho 3700 BC, Baegepeta ba boholo-holo ba ne ba khona ho etsa mekhabiso ea khalase le likhalase tse bonolo.Ka nako eo ho ne ho e-na le likhalase tse mebala feela.Pele ho 1000 BC, China e ne e etsa likhalase tse se nang mebala.
Lekholong la bo12 la lilemo AD, likhalase tsa khoebo tsa phapanyetsano li ile tsa hlaha 'me tsa qala ho fetoha thepa ea indasteri.Lekholong la bo18 la lilemo, ho finyella litlhoko tsa ho etsa libonela-hōle, ho ile ha hlahisoa khalase ea optical.Ka 1873, Belgium e ile ea etella pele tlhahisong ea likhalase tse bataletseng.Ka 1906, United States e ile ea etsa mochine o tsamaisang likhalase tse sephara.Ka 1959, British Pilkington Glass Company e ile ea tsebisa lefats'e hore mokhoa oa ho etsa float bakeng sa likhalase tse bataletseng o ile oa ntlafatsoa ka katleho, e leng phetoho ea pele ea ho etsa li-grooved.Ho tloha ka nako eo, ka nts'etsopele ea indasteri le tlhahiso e kholo ea likhalase, likhalase tsa lisebelisoa tse fapaneng le thepa e fapaneng li tsoile ka mor'a e 'ngoe.Mehleng ea kajeno, khalase e fetohile e 'ngoe ea lisebelisoa tsa bohlokoa bophelong ba letsatsi le letsatsi, tlhahiso, saense le theknoloji.
Nako ea poso: Feb-21-2021